Emma was one of the four daughters of the prince Victor II, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym (1767–1812) from his marriage to Amelia of Nassau-Weilburg (1776–1841), daughter of Charles Christian, Prince of Nassau-Weilburg. She grew up together with her sisters in Hoym in Anhalt and was carefully educated. Their great-uncle, Frederick, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym, had waived his right of succession in Schaumburg and the County of Holzappel in 1811 in favour of his great-niece, but in 1828 this decision was overruled. After her husband's death in 1852, she ruled Waldeck and Pyrmont as Regent for her minor son George Victor. Among her first acts was a reform of the Waldeck contingent of the federal army, implemented in 1845 by Prussian officers. The Revolutions of 1848 took place during Emma's reign; in Waldeck they led to a new parliament being convened. Emma's reign has been described as an important phase in the history of Waldeck, with a complete overhaul of the organisation of the state. The Emma Waterfall in the Gastein Valley was named after her, as was her granddaughter, the Dutch Queen regent Emma. A double thaler issued in 1847 was known as Fat Emma.
She married on 26 June 1823 at Schaumburg Castle, George II, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont (1789–1845). The couple had five children: Princess Augusta of Waldeck-Pyrmont (1824–1893), married Count Alfred of Stolberg-Stolberg Joseph (1825–1829) Princess Hermine of Waldeck and Pyrmont (1827–1910), married Prince Adolf I George of Schaumburg-Lippe George Victor (1831–1893), married Princess Helena of Nassau and secondly Princess Louise of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg; he was the father of the Dutch Queen regent Emma, and hence the grandfather of the Queen regnant Wilhelmina of the Netherlands. Walrad (1833–1867)
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16. Lebrecht, Prince of Anhalt-Zeitz-Hoym |
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16. Lebrecht, Prince of Anhalt-Zeitz-Hoym |
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8. Victor I, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym |
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17. Charlotte of Nassau-Dillenburg |
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4. Charles Louis, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym |
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18. William Maurice, Count of Isenburg-Büdingen-Birstein |
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9. Charlotte Louise of Isenburg-Büdingen-Birstein |
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19. Anna Amalia of Isenburg-Büdingen |
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2. Victor II, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym |
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20. William Maurice, Count of Solms-Braunfels |
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10. Frederick William I, Prince of Solms-Braunfels |
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21. Magdalene Sophie of Hesse-Homburg |
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5. Amalie Eleonore of Solms-Braunfels |
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22. Carl Otto, Count of Solms-Laubach |
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11. Sophie of Solms-Laubach |
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23. Louise Albertine of Schönburg-Waldenburg |
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1. Emma of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym |
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24. John Ernst, Count of Nassau-Weilburg |
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12. Charles August, Prince of Nassau-Weilburg |
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25. Maria Polyxena of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Hartenburg |
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6. Charles Christian, Prince of Nassau-Weilburg |
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26. George August, Count of Nassau-Idstein |
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13. Auguste Friederike of Nassau-Saarbrücken-Idstein |
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27. Henriette Dorothea of Oettingen-Oettingen |
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3. Amelia of Nassau-Weilburg |
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28. John William Friso, Prince of Orange |
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14. William IV, Prince of Orange |
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29. Landgravine Marie Louise of Hesse-Kassel |
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7. Princess Carolina of Orange-Nassau |
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30. George II of Great Britain |
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15. Anne, Princess Royal |
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31. Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach |
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16. Lebrecht, Prince of Anhalt-Zeitz-Hoym |
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8. Victor I, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym |
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17. Charlotte of Nassau-Dillenburg |
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4. Charles Louis, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym |
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18. William Maurice, Count of Isenburg-Büdingen-Birstein |
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9. Charlotte Louise of Isenburg-Büdingen-Birstein |
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19. Anna Amalia of Isenburg-Büdingen |
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2. Victor II, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym |
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20. William Maurice, Count of Solms-Braunfels |
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10. Frederick William I, Prince of Solms-Braunfels |
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21. Magdalene Sophie of Hesse-Homburg |
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5. Amalie Eleonore of Solms-Braunfels |
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22. Carl Otto, Count of Solms-Laubach |
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11. Sophie of Solms-Laubach |
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23. Louise Albertine of Schönburg-Waldenburg |
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1. Emma of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym |
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24. John Ernst, Count of Nassau-Weilburg |
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12. Charles August, Prince of Nassau-Weilburg |
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25. Maria Polyxena of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Hartenburg |
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6. Charles Christian, Prince of Nassau-Weilburg |
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26. George August, Count of Nassau-Idstein |
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13. Auguste Friederike of Nassau-Saarbrücken-Idstein |
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27. Henriette Dorothea of Oettingen-Oettingen |
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3. Amelia of Nassau-Weilburg |
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28. John William Friso, Prince of Orange |
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14. William IV, Prince of Orange |
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29. Landgravine Marie Louise of Hesse-Kassel |
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7. Princess Carolina of Orange-Nassau |
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30. George II of Great Britain |
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15. Anne, Princess Royal |
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31. Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach |
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8. Victor I, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym |
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17. Charlotte of Nassau-Dillenburg |
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4. Charles Louis, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym |
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18. William Maurice, Count of Isenburg-Büdingen-Birstein |
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9. Charlotte Louise of Isenburg-Büdingen-Birstein |
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19. Anna Amalia of Isenburg-Büdingen |
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2. Victor II, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym |
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20. William Maurice, Count of Solms-Braunfels |
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10. Frederick William I, Prince of Solms-Braunfels |
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21. Magdalene Sophie of Hesse-Homburg |
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5. Amalie Eleonore of Solms-Braunfels |
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22. Carl Otto, Count of Solms-Laubach |
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11. Sophie of Solms-Laubach |
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23. Louise Albertine of Schönburg-Waldenburg |
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1. Emma of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym |
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24. John Ernst, Count of Nassau-Weilburg |
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12. Charles August, Prince of Nassau-Weilburg |
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25. Maria Polyxena of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Hartenburg |
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6. Charles Christian, Prince of Nassau-Weilburg |
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26. George August, Count of Nassau-Idstein |
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13. Auguste Friederike of Nassau-Saarbrücken-Idstein |
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27. Henriette Dorothea of Oettingen-Oettingen |
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3. Amelia of Nassau-Weilburg |
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28. John William Friso, Prince of Orange |
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14. William IV, Prince of Orange |
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29. Landgravine Marie Louise of Hesse-Kassel |
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7. Princess Carolina of Orange-Nassau |
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30. George II of Great Britain |
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15. Anne, Princess Royal |
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31. Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach |
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